What are the health hazards? They are expected to be affected by exposure in the same way as adults. Benzene released into surface water evaporates in a few hours. Xiaojun Zhou School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China. Effects on Human Health . Exposure to benzene has been associated with adverse health effects, including haematopoietic disorders. The alkylbenzenes, toluene being the most common example, represent a class of six-membered ring aromatic compounds that have a variety of alkyl groups attached. In the short term, benzene can irritate the respiratory tract as well as the eyes, skin, and mucus membranes. The most common side effect of inhaled xylene is depression of the central nervous … Benzene is a clear, colorless liquid with a pleasant, sweet odor. Environmental fate In soil, benzene biodegrades under aerobic conditions only. It is harmful to the eyes, skin, airway, nervous system, and lungs. Methods . However, benzene can also have long lasting health effects stemming from long-term exposure (a year or more) such as : A reduction in the number of red blood cells, causing anemia. Benzene was first isolated by M. Faraday (1825). Can cause effects as described for inhalation. Benzene can cause blood cancers like leukemia. Longer-term exposure to benzene may cause anemia, alterations to the immune system, and leukemia. Background . The aim of this review is to summarize all available evidences on non-cancerous health effects of benzene providing an overview of possible association of exposure to benzene with human chronic diseases, specially, in those regions of the world where benzene … As you saw in Section 16.4, a substituent on a benzene ring can be an activator or a deactivator. Benzene induced depression of blood elements may reverse after exposure is terminated, if bone marrow damage has not become irreversible. Research and Development, has prepared this document on the Carcinogenic Effects of Benzene: An Update to serve as a source document for the Office of Air and Radiation, Office of Mobile Sources, to support decision making regarding regulation of benzene as a hazardous air pollutant. benzene based on hematological effects in humans. Benzene can occur naturally in the environment when carbon-rich elements are burned but do not burn completely. Health Effects • Benzene is mildly irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Since the sperm is a unique cell, easily available, can be cultured in vitro , and is sensitive to its microenvironment, it has therefore proved to be a good target cell for cytotoxic assays, in toxicological studies. Benzene can be absorbed into your body if you: breathe in air containing benzene vapour; absorb it through your skin; swallow material containing it. The level of exposure depends upon the dose, duration, and work being done Adverse effects of the chemical substance depend on the level of exposure, and the duration one is exposed to the harmful chemical. Inductive effects of alkyl groups activate the direction of the ortho or para substitution, which is when s electrons gets pushed toward the ring. Deactivating group (meta directors) The deactivating groups deactivate the ring by the inductive effect in the presence of an electronegative atom that withdraws electron density away from the ring. Benzene (C6H6) is a highly flammable, colorless liquid that evaporates quickly into the air. This study aimed to examine the action of benzene, quercetin, and their combination on porcine ovarian granulosa cell functions. Because I was exposed to lots of contaminants while enlisted ( including many flights on/off Amchitca Island from 1965 to 1967) I am wondering. Benzene is used in the chemical industry for the production of styrene/ethylbenzene, cumene/phenol, and cyclohexane (1). In fact, benzene can cause serious health problems that you must understand if you work with it. Other health concerns include drowsiness, irregular heart rhythm, and loss of consciousness. Since the reproductive tract is exposed to metabolites of benzene, namely, phenol-hydroquinone and catechol, it is therefore imperative to evaluate their toxic effects on the sperm. Long-term (a year or more) exposure to benzene can produce changes in the blood. This puts people at risk for aplastic anemia and excessive bleeding. Benzene, as a volatile organic compound, is known as one of the main air pollutants in the environment. for how long. Benzene is also found in some consumer products and is present in main stream and side stream tobacco smoke (Wallace, 1996). There is little information on the effects of benzene on children. Its use as a solvent has been greatly reduced in the last few years (3). Specifically, benzene causes bone marrow suppression and, through its metabolites, disruptions in the cell cycle which can lead to mutagenesis. As with other solvents, large exposures cause CNS effects. Long-term exposure of over a year or more to benzene is not safe. The odor of benzene does not provide adequate warning of its hazard. It can cause excessive bleeding, a significantly reduced and ineffective immune system and anemia. Effects of benzene and benzene metabolites on bone marrow cellularity, number of granulopoietic stem cells and frequency of micronuclei in mice. Reproductive Effects: Teratogenic (developmental abnormalities in the fetus) effects of benzene have been observed in animals only at high exposure levels. There were no significant effects induced by 1 ppm benzene in this study. Characterizing the partitioning behavior of formaldehyde, benzene and toluene on indoor fabrics: Effects of temperature and humidity. • Benzene may cause central nervous system depression and arrhythmias to persons acutely exposed. It is not a direct estimator of risk, but rather a reference point to gauge the potential for effects.
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